Initial "W" in the city's book of town privileges (1320) The shining light emulated was most of all the old Bavarian capital of Ratisbon, which Vienna outdid, however, within a few decades. It is interesting to underline that Vienna was not "founded" by a lord, but that, on the other hand, the role of the sovereign was a significant one. This (now) direct contact with the sovereigns contributed strongly to Vienna's unfolding into a veritable town. They founded Vienna's oldest monastery, Sankt Maria zu den Schotten ( St. Around 1150 the Austrian margraves, who were also dukes of Bavaria at the time, transferred their residence to Vienna. Until the first half of the 12th century, the centre of Babenberg power lay west of Vienna. The city continued to sit virtually on the Magyar frontier well into the 12th century, until the Austrian sovereigns from the Babenberg dynasty had finally consolidated their position. The effects did not become fully palpable for Vienna. It was only after the Magyar threat had been contained, following the Battle of the Lechfeld in 955, and the establishment of the margravate of Austria under the Babenbergs (976) had brought forth a "quasi-state" that the basis for a general increase in settlement in the fledgling country was laid. Rising to the Rank of a City - History of Vienna Early Middle Ages
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